Are big awards political?

Every year, after the Oscar nomination announcement, there will always be a discussion who should have been nominated/not nominated and after Oscar winner announcement, again there will be a discussion who should have won/not won. For example, I read some articles why Ridley Scott was not nominated for Best Director category this year and some mentioned it might be political. ("Another insider says that the directors branch is made up of many directors for hire, like Scott, and they often don’t like to nominate their competition — preferring instead to pick the auteur who generates his or her own material. "They are an extremely envious, jealous group that begrudges the success of others," the insider revealed. “They normally nominate people who they can’t compete with." - Entertainment Weekly Jan 15, 2016).

Oscar is the biggest event for the filmmakers and the most watched award show throughout the world. Are these awards political to some extent or the critics just being critics?

Also, anytime these awards were gender biased/race biased/nationality biased, at least in the recent years?
 
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