Tarantino's heavy dialogue isnt a film style. What are these film styles.? I'm starting to believe its bollocks
Actually, I think Tarantino's heavy dialogue definitely a style, and also the way he borrows from many genre films.
Every distinctive director (or 'auteur') has his/her own style. Some are more obvious than others. For example, Yasujiro Ozu's style of low camera placement, disregard for 180 degree rule, lack of camera movement, and the use of transitional shots that aren't causally related to the narrative are evident in most of his films and it really stands out if you compare his films with other filmmakers (even in Japan). Andrei Tarkovsky and Bela Tarr are known for their extremely long takes. Max Ophuls and Kenji Mizoguchi are known for their amazing use of the moving camera. And I think some of it can even be thematic such as the Frank Capra style of inspiring stories starring the good everyman.
There are also styles between or within national cinemas, 'filmmaking modes' (traditional narrative, 'art' film, or experimental film), genres, and film periods.
For example, the classic Hong Kong cinema can be seen as distinctive for its use of episodic narrative structure, use of Cantopop songs, mix of genres, using staging as a more dominant element to enhance entertainment value, and a kinetic style of cinematography/editing. If you look at many Hong Kong films you can see how this fits with martial arts films, their broad comedies, and their dramas/romances. Once you understand this style you can see how other filmmakers twist or deviate from this style (such as Wong Kar-Wai, Peter Chan, Patrick Tam, and Stanley Kwan).
I think it's important to distinguish film styles because it can help increase your cinematic palette as a cinephile and it can show you as a filmmaker how the use of different formal elements can turn into a cohesive style that can consistently entertain your audience, or you can recognize your own style to intentionally break away from it and experiment with it. There are many many many general styles, national styles, movement/school styles, and individual filmmaker styles so there is always a lot to learn!